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Did Injuries Last Season Change Aviles' and Gordon's Plate Approach?

For this up coming season, Will has agreed to take me on to do Pitch F/X analysis for the Royals. Pitch FX is the data used to create the nice Gameday visualizations at mlb.com and has all pitch aspects such as release point, start and ending speeds, curve and result of pitch. I have done some previous Pitch F/X, but I am wanting to dive into a team and see what deep information can be found. I will be putting general Pitch F/X analysis at BeyondTheBoxscore.com such as called umpire strike zones. Feel free to ask many any questions or requests. If I can't find the answer, I will try to find someone that can. Thanks to Will for putting up with me this season.  -Jeff

 

Last season the Royals had their fair share of injuries. Two batters that the Royals were expecting to produce, Alex Gordon and Mike Aviles, spent significant time on the DL. Mike went on the DL on May 23 with a forearm injury that led to him having Tommy John surgery and missing the entire season. Alex went on the DL on April 16 and came off on July 16. Alex got demoted to Omaha on August 18 and returned September 8 to finish off the season in Kansas City.

 

Using Pitch FX data, I have found a method to determine how well a batter acknowledges the strike zone compared to the rest of the players in the majors. The following is a look at Mike and Alex before, during and after their injuries.


Mike Aviles

 

Mike had a great 2008 campaign for the Royals earning him Royal's Player of the Year honors. Coming into the 2009 season, he was to finally help fill the black hole that is the Royal's shortstop position.

 

Mike struggled through the beginning of the season. It was found out that he had injured himself in the World Baseball Classic and went on the DL. Mike is generally known as a free swinger, but did his injury actually change his plate discipline. First let's look at the numbers and begin to dissect them (A value of 100 is league average, while a value of 90 is 10% below the league average):

 

Pitches in the Strike Zone 2008 2009
Take + 86.1 94.8
Contact + 103.7 96.5
Good Contact + 122.1 83.5



Pitches out of the Strike Zone 2008 2009
Take + 89.9 94.8
Contact + 109.6 114.3
Good Contact + 134.8 58.0

 

Analysis after the jump.

Star-divide

In both 2008 and 2009, Mike took less pitches than the league average for both strikes (86.1 and 94.8) and balls (89.9 and 94.8), but did show improvement in his 2009 numbers. For pitches in the zone, Mike was not able to make contact as often in 2009 (103.7 to 96.5) and when he did, the results weren't good (122.1 to 83.5). Mike's ability to hit the ball soundly, was even more evident for pitches out of the zone. His contact rate was relatively constant (109.6 and 114.3), but results were much worse with him being 35% better than the league average (134.8) in 2008, to being 42% less than the average (58) in 2009. It looks like he just didn't have the power (and possibly luck) he had in 2009 compared to 2008. Mike's plate approach was more sound in 2009, but the injury looks to have sapped him of his power

 

Alex Gordon

2009 was to be a make for break year for Alex to finally be the superstar he was projected to become. Instead his season ended early with the hip injury. Unlike Mike, Alex was able to come back later in the season. Here are Alex's numbers:

 

Pitches in the Strike Zone 2007 2008 2009 2009 – Pre DL 2009 – Pre-Demotion 2009 After-Demotion
Take + 90.3 90.5 85.2 95.3 83.4 82.4
Contact + 94.1 95.1 94.6 93.7 97.5 93.2
Good Contact + 95.5 92.9 79.6 62.7 72.5 90.1







Pitches out of the Strike Zone 2007 2008 2009 2009 – Pre DL 2009 – Pre-Demotion 2009 After-Demotion
Take + 95.2 108.1 115.4 104.0 108.7 124.2
Contact + 88.5 86.6 92.7 58.0 80.5 136.4
Good Contact + 77.0 69.3 104.3 0.0 58.0 245.5

 

Looking at pitches outside of the zone, Alex has taken more balls in each consecutive season (95.2, 108.1, 115.4). He maintains generally the same contact rate (88.5, 86.6, 92.7) but in 2009 his good contact went from significantly below league average in 2007 and 2008 (77.0 and 69.3) to above league average in 2009 (104.3). When looking at each time period for the 2009 season, Alex maintain a similar take rate (104.0, 108.7 and 124.2), but his contact (58.0 and 80.5 to 136.4) and good contact (0.0 and 58 to 245.5) numbers jumped significantly after being called up from Omaha. It looks like at the end of the season, Alex was able to lay off pitches out of the zone and when he did go chasing, he was able to make solid contact.

 

For pitches in the strike zone, Alex had consistent number in 2007 and 2008, all below league average, but stable. In 2009, his number fell off. First, he started swing at more pitches in the zone (90.3 and 90.5 to 85.2). When he did swing he made contact just as often (94.1, 95.1, 94.6), but his amount of good contact was down (95.5 and 92.9 to 79.6). The 3 parts of his 2009 show that he took more pitches than his career average while hurt (95.3 vice 83.4 and 82.4). He did maintain a constant contact rate (93.7, 97.5 and 93.2) over the season, but good contact values were all below (62.7, 72.5 and 90.1) his previous levels (95.5 and 92.9). Alex did seem to get some ability to get hits towards the end of the season, but he wasn't himself with pitches in zone. For pitches out of the zone, he was lights out.

 

Conclusions

Both Mike Aviles and Alex Gordon were able to maintain their knowledge of the strikezone when hurt, but their ability to drive the ball to generate hits and runs was sapped from them. Hopefully both will be in better physical shape when they start (Aviles looks to start on the DL) playing eventually.

 

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great stuff

thanks jeff! Nice article. Crisp went down for the year too, but he sure was taking a ton of walks the first couple months…

by kcfan92 on Feb 2, 2010 10:12 AM EST reply actions  

I think that sort of confirms how some of us feel about Alex

that he is improving in his knowledge of the strike zone and a breakout is not out of the question if he can generate more power. However, for Aviles, I think a lot of people feel 2008 was luck, and I wouldn’t mind him proving it again, Those great contact rates outside the strike zone are nice, but he’s not Vladimir Guerrero. Or maybe he is I guess. Being 35% better than the league average at good contact outside the zone couldn’t have been all luck. A player has to have some pretty sweet hand-eye coordination skills to achieve that. Encouraging information.

As kcfan92 mentioned above, I think it might be interesting to take a look at Coco Crisp. He was taking more walks in 2009, so did his injury force him into better recognition of the zone?

by AxDxMx on Feb 2, 2010 10:37 AM EST reply actions  

I will put Coco on the list.

Got a couple things to finish first, but should have it in a week or two.

Jeff Zimmerman - Protecting the world from RBI's and Wins from my mom's guest house.

by Jeff Zimmerman (TucsonRoyal) on Feb 2, 2010 10:44 AM EST up reply actions  

Interesting look at Aviles.

Gotta wonder whether the good contact was down because of regression or injury. Hopefully we get a lot more data from him this season.

Glad I came, just wish I hadn't stayed so long.

by Warden11 on Feb 2, 2010 12:31 PM EST reply actions  

Contact lead to a hit or run scored

Jeff Zimmerman - Protecting the world from RBI's and Wins from my mom's guest house.

by Jeff Zimmerman (TucsonRoyal) on Feb 2, 2010 12:44 PM EST up reply actions  

Sorry, I was incorrect above.

Contact led to a hit or run scored

Divided by

Number of time the person swings the bat

Jeff Zimmerman - Protecting the world from RBI's and Wins from my mom's guest house.

by Jeff Zimmerman (TucsonRoyal) on Feb 2, 2010 1:05 PM EST up reply actions  

I'm curious as to why you used runs scored as well as hits

Was that because it’s hard to separate the two in p.des field?

by vivaelpujols on Feb 3, 2010 11:25 PM EST up reply actions  

Why not just use the event field in the atbats table?
SUM(IF(p.des LIKE %in play% AND (a.event  = 'single' OR a.event = 'double' OR a.event = 'triple' OR a.event = 'home run'),1,0))

I think it might also be better to define “good contact” as linear weights + instead of just treating all hits equal (or else it’s just batting average!).

by vivaelpujols on Feb 4, 2010 1:21 AM EST up reply actions  

I want to keep it simple for now, but could go that method.

It is actually not batting average because it is all swings, Someone could miss 3 times and then get a hit would be better than some one that puts the ball into play everytime they swing and get a hit.

Hitters like Mark Reynolds actually look better than there average in this category, because when they do make contact, it is usually a hit.

Jeff Zimmerman - Protecting the world from RBI's and Wins from my mom's guest house.

by Jeff Zimmerman (TucsonRoyal) on Feb 4, 2010 10:19 AM EST up reply actions  

I was just thinking about Aviles and his injury

and I think you could argue that his injury was the most devastating one for the team. Not only would his bat (and maybe glove) have been welcome additions to the lineup, but we would not have gone out and gotten Yuni. Of course, TPJ would not have discovered his new career in the bullpen either…

"Things could always be worse." - Buddy Bell

by buddyball on Feb 2, 2010 1:04 PM EST reply actions  

yea...

he probably should have been in consideration for ROY, if not down-ballot MVP in 2008

he was crazy awesome across the board

when you replace that with one of the worst players in baseball… yea… huge

by Will McDonald on Feb 2, 2010 1:53 PM EST up reply actions  

injuries!

we know how much Dayton always loved Aviles and tried to get him playing time in 2008, and th en his hand was forced with Aviles injury in 2009 and he reluctantly had to go with Betancourt.

I'm not a sabermetrician, but I do play one at FanGraphs.

Can't get enough of me? Check out my Twitter feed.

by Matt Klaassen on Feb 2, 2010 4:11 PM EST up reply actions  

crisp

lets not give crisp too much credit here though… He was certainly not worth the 8 million option, with his .230 average and not much power. And a healthy ankiel shouldn’t play like a random hobo, at least imo. His defense is not better, but he is no slouch and his arm is a cannon, opposed to cocos squirt gun for an arm

by kcfan92 on Feb 2, 2010 3:00 PM EST reply actions  

I'm Referring To

Freel, Anderson, Bloomers, and I’m sure I’m forgetting someone here, who played in ‘09 after Crisp went down. If Hillman would do the sensible thing and play Fields LF, DDJ CF and Ankiel RF we’d be much better overall. Pods, however expensive and superfluous he may be, would be a decent 4th OF.

I used to be an A's fan until they left town and got good.

by philofthenorth on Feb 2, 2010 3:58 PM EST up reply actions  

This is some sweet data Jeff, thanks a lot

At least it shows that contact was ok for both, they just couldn’t place the ball were it was needed (good contact)

So there is hope!

SWEET MERCIFUL HOPE!

Will Ebners Hit Parade, Pain TV; Channel 32; All the time! (PDT)

by MarioVanPeebles Republic of China on Feb 2, 2010 3:42 PM EST reply actions  

It probably has more to do with how powerful the contact was

than the ball’s placement. Slow home run hitters will often have have better batting averages on groundballs in play than speedy players. Even though you’d think speed would be the biggest factor because they’d be able to beat the throw, it turns out that hitting the ball hard matters more.

by kcdc1 on Feb 2, 2010 4:48 PM EST up reply actions  

i did not know that

thanks

Will Ebners Hit Parade, Pain TV; Channel 32; All the time! (PDT)

by MarioVanPeebles Republic of China on Feb 2, 2010 7:32 PM EST up reply actions  

Another thing that surprisingly correlates with higher BABIPs on groundballs

is strikeout rate. The thought is guys who swing harder make less contact, but when they do, it’s better contact.

by kcdc1 on Feb 3, 2010 3:33 AM EST up reply actions  

hobos

well if your referring to freel anderson, etc. Then you’re correct, those were hobos. But sadly, ankiel will be in center, not right. And pods will start in left.Better than last years outfield, you must admit, but still not the potential it could be with ddj in cf, ankiel in right.

by kcfan92 on Feb 2, 2010 4:44 PM EST reply actions  

...and Podsednik on the bench

I'm not a sabermetrician, but I do play one at FanGraphs.

Can't get enough of me? Check out my Twitter feed.

by Matt Klaassen on Feb 2, 2010 4:53 PM EST up reply actions  

the thing about COCO

was that he was walking like crazy when he went down, his walk rate in ’09 was 13.5%, which is way above his career average of 7.5%

by Will McDonald on Feb 2, 2010 5:43 PM EST up reply actions  

two things about walk rate

it is the one skill that, on average, increases throughout a major leaguer’s career

it also “stabilizes” much more quickly than other skills

That’s why CHOE has him walking so much more next season, although overall his offense isn’t going to be too great, probably

I'm not a sabermetrician, but I do play one at FanGraphs.

Can't get enough of me? Check out my Twitter feed.

by Matt Klaassen on Feb 2, 2010 5:46 PM EST up reply actions  

Jeff

Do you think you could take a look at Coco Crisp’s plate discipline last year, compared to 07/08? I would do it, but I think it’s something that would probably interest you (and your audience) more. I would also take a look at how lucky he was last year on pitches in the strikezone called balls and vice versa.

by vivaelpujols on Feb 3, 2010 11:27 PM EST up reply actions  

I said to the crowd I will do Coco and Ankiel next.

I will look at the pitches.

Is this place a little calmer than Lookout Landing?

Jeff Zimmerman - Protecting the world from RBI's and Wins from my mom's guest house.

by Jeff Zimmerman (TucsonRoyal) on Feb 4, 2010 12:38 AM EST up reply actions  

Good news about Gordon

and some hope that Avilés will come back in time to replace Betancourt at mid-season. Then we can trade him to a horde of wandering gypsies for a sacred goat or something useful like that.

One for you WAR guys: If Avilés has an OPS of 750 and is a slightly below-average defender, he should be at least two wins better than Betancourt over half a season, no?

It's pronounced Poo-ZHOLS in Catalan.

by Juancho on Feb 2, 2010 4:59 PM EST reply actions  

no

I doubt he’ll OPS 750, even… He’s probably barely a better hitter than Betancourt, actually (Yuni will regress, too). I’m guessing that over half a season, Aviles is worth 0.5-1 win more.

I'm not a sabermetrician, but I do play one at FanGraphs.

Can't get enough of me? Check out my Twitter feed.

by Matt Klaassen on Feb 2, 2010 5:09 PM EST up reply actions  

We're gonna stink

Big time.

It's pronounced Poo-ZHOLS in Catalan.

by Juancho on Feb 2, 2010 5:13 PM EST up reply actions  

You got that right

I think I’ll forego subscribing to MLB.tv this year and just watch the local Mariners.

Air Cassel - approved for takeoff

Always in motion is the future.
-- Yoda

by kabrink on Feb 5, 2010 4:23 PM EST up reply actions  

Stephen Drew OPS'd .748 in 2009

and was slightly above average on D, 3.4 UZR, and his WAR was 2.2 in 132 games. Yuni’s was -2.1 in 133 games. Take away 0.75 WAR for Aviles’s slightly subpar D, and that’s about 3.5 WAR difference b/t Aviles and Yuni, if Yuni stayed at the same level.

I guess it depends on how much better (or, less worse is more appropriate) we think Yuni is going to be. His 2008 was 0.2 WAR, so if Yuni gets back to that level, then Aviles is closer to 1 WAR better.

Zapp Brannigan/Dayton Moore quote of the day: "In the game of chess you can never let your opponent see your pieces"

by SagehenMacGyver47 on Feb 2, 2010 6:55 PM EST up reply actions  

I'm guessing Aviles will not OPS .748

I'm not a sabermetrician, but I do play one at FanGraphs.

Can't get enough of me? Check out my Twitter feed.

by Matt Klaassen on Feb 2, 2010 7:51 PM EST up reply actions  

i'm with you on that

i was just doing the hypothetical.

Zapp Brannigan/Dayton Moore quote of the day: "In the game of chess you can never let your opponent see your pieces"

by SagehenMacGyver47 on Feb 2, 2010 8:02 PM EST up reply actions  

it would be interesting to do one of these for Ankiel

given that he was hurt last year, and that’s obviously what prevented him from hitting 45 home runs

I'm not a sabermetrician, but I do play one at FanGraphs.

Can't get enough of me? Check out my Twitter feed.

by Matt Klaassen on Feb 2, 2010 5:47 PM EST reply actions  

I will look at him with Coco

Jeff Zimmerman - Protecting the world from RBI's and Wins from my mom's guest house.

by Jeff Zimmerman (TucsonRoyal) on Feb 2, 2010 6:29 PM EST up reply actions  

Not sure how a chocolate drink is going to make the Royals look any better

:)

Will Ebners Hit Parade, Pain TV; Channel 32; All the time! (PDT)

by MarioVanPeebles Republic of China on Feb 2, 2010 7:35 PM EST up reply actions   1 recs

unless it's this

Zapp Brannigan/Dayton Moore quote of the day: "In the game of chess you can never let your opponent see your pieces"

by SagehenMacGyver47 on Feb 2, 2010 8:06 PM EST up reply actions  

Just Put About

A half-pint of Everclear in your chocolate; cheaper and more effective.

I used to be an A's fan until they left town and got good.

by philofthenorth on Feb 2, 2010 8:40 PM EST up reply actions  

mmmmmmm yes

I shall drink until the Royals look good, or pass out, either outcome could be good.

Will Ebners Hit Parade, Pain TV; Channel 32; All the time! (PDT)

by MarioVanPeebles Republic of China on Feb 3, 2010 12:09 PM EST up reply actions  

hey-ooooooo!!!!!!!!!

"Things could always be worse." - Buddy Bell

by buddyball on Feb 2, 2010 8:28 PM EST up reply actions  

Nice piece Jeff

I also like that your conclusions make intuitive sense to me.

Aaron King is still my homeboy... iffy mechanics and all

McFAQ for all you newcomers out there.

by baetown415 on Feb 3, 2010 12:55 AM EST reply actions  

I just realized

this forum is for math nerds. Can’t wait to get more data? The royals as a lab experiment seems far less interesting than listening to Splittorff sound like Barbara Walters on testosterone all season. The only reason being, Splittorff’s voice might improve, while the royal’s chances of improvement rest on Zack Grienke starting 90 games… GO WOYALS!!! This is going to be a hilarious season.

 My only apology is that I didn’t say these things sooner.

by Ross_perot's_penis_and_testicles on Feb 3, 2010 8:56 AM EST reply actions  

twss

I used to be an A's fan until they left town and got good.

by philofthenorth on Feb 3, 2010 12:44 PM EST up reply actions  

"I've never seen one that small before,"

she said.

It's pronounced Poo-ZHOLS in Catalan.

by Juancho on Feb 3, 2010 5:25 PM EST up reply actions  

TnotWSS

Zapp Brannigan/Dayton Moore quote of the day: "In the game of chess you can never let your opponent see your pieces"

by SagehenMacGyver47 on Feb 4, 2010 1:29 PM EST up reply actions  

When The Going

Gets weird………..

I used to be an A's fan until they left town and got good.

by philofthenorth on Feb 3, 2010 11:41 AM EST reply actions  

Excellent comments, Jeff

Looking forward to future columns.

by sterlingice on Feb 3, 2010 3:38 PM EST via mobile reply actions  

absolutely

Injuries are huge in the way a guy swings.

I use to play golf a little more, and I was by no means much to talk about but I had a very good drive. Then I injured my back while out to sea in the Coast Guard. I worked with it for about 3 months before seeing a doctor. I played a lot of golf at this time because I lived in Ft Lauderdale, and I altered my swing because I normal swing hurt my back. It took me years to get my swing back after I had my back healed.

Now I didnt have the advantage of trainers, and coaches or replay to look at what I was doing different, which is a great tool for pro athletes. I like Gordon and hope he bounces back, and hopethe Royals do well, although I am a Mets fan

by Rickfansince76 on Feb 5, 2010 9:06 AM EST reply actions  

I have a very similar story to yours

Once my back healed my swing was back to normal, but it took quite a while.

by AxDxMx on Feb 5, 2010 9:25 AM EST up reply actions  

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